Converting Raw Medical Data Into Informative Data Through...

Data Mining, a sub-branch of computer science, involving statistics, methods and calculations to find patterns in large amount of data sets, and database systems. Generally, data mining is the process to examine data from different aspects and summarizing it into meaningful information. Data mining techniques depict actions and future trends, allowing any individual to make better and knowledge-driven decisions.[1][2] In the past few years, research appeared from medical laboratories has converted how we practice health care activities. Leading machines/technologies from the MRI scanner to the small blood glucose monitor are helping us live healthier and better lives. Health information technology produces cost-effective solutions to†¦show more content†¦Methodology: The proposed approach uses ‘Process Mining’ technique, which aims at extracting useful information from health care data or event logs. This Technique will also help organizations to improve their services, manage the data properly and control their processes [4]. The Importance of process mining has proved itself in the field of health care domain in following literature [5-6]. The proposed approach will adopt itemset-tree (An itemset is set of re-occurring items) method to get frequent surgical specimen [7]. I our knowledge the itemset - tree has not been proposed before for such kind of data analysis. Our methodology contains four parts: 1: Data collection: A real medical data (i.e Surgical specimen records) will be collected from any private or public organization. 2: Preprocessing: The acquired data will be preprocessed to remove unwanted information from it, such as, addresses of patients etc.. Then the data will be used for an input for process mining. 3: Discovery of surgical specimen: Process mining will be applied to the database created in the preprocessing step, which extracted itemset of the frequent surgical specimen. 4: Evaluation: In last theShow MoreRelatedOrganisation Structural Study on Apollo Tyres5324 Words   |  22 PagesINTRODUCTION Organisation has gained momentum over the past few decades as the inevitable source to sustain business activities. An organization is a power house of resources through which manufacturing and production activities are effectively carried out.The established Indian owned enterprises has been steadily increasing their capacity and widening their range of products for every organization. There is a hidden asset.An asset that has the power to execute, the vision to excel and the spiritRead MoreAccounting Information System Chapter 1137115 Words   |  549 Pagesexternal parties, and specify the information received from and sent to each of them. The author turns this question into an in-class group activity. Students are divided up in groups, told to close their books, and given 15 minutes to: a. Think through the business processes, key decisions, and information needs issues in their group. b. Identify the external users of information and specify the information received from and sent to each of them. One group is selected to present their answersRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesIntroduction to Statistics and Data Analysis This page intentionally left blank Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis Third Edition Roxy Peck California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo Chris Olsen George Washington High School, Cedar Rapids, IA Jay Devore California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo Australia †¢ Brazil †¢ Canada †¢ Mexico †¢ Singapore †¢ Spain †¢ United Kingdom †¢ United States Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis, Third EditionRead MoreMarketing and E-commerce Business65852 Words   |  264 Pagesstatutory, fitness for a particular purpose, title and non-infringement. In no event shall Microsoft and/or its respective suppliers be liable for any special, indirect or consequential damages or any damages whatsoever resulting from loss of use, data or profits, whether in an action of contract, negligence or other tortious action, arising out of or in connection with the use or performance of information available from the services.†¨ The documents and related graphics contained herein could includeRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagesrelations Understanding individual consumer behaviour Understanding industrial consumer behaviour Customer satisfaction Customer relationship management Marketing of services Rural marketing Types of marketing research Process of marketing research Tools and Techniques of marketing research Applications of marketing research Preparation of marketing research report Online marketing E-commerce Trends in marketing Page No. Marketing management – an introduction Unit structure: 1. Introduction Read MoreMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test Bank173911 Words   |  696 Pagesand getting, keeping, and growing customers through creating, delivering, and communicating superior customer value. A) Marketing management B) Knowledge management C) Operations management D) Strategic management E) Distribution management Answer: A Page Ref: 5 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy 3) Identify the correct statement about marketing management. A) It is primarily concerned with the systematic gathering, recording, and analysis of data about issues related to marketing productsRead MoreSience23554 Words   |  95 Pagesto the natural fluxes of carbon through the Earth system, anthropogenic (human) activities, particularly fossil fuel burning and deforestation, are also releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. When we mine coal and extract oil from the Earth’s crust, and then burn these fossil fuels for transportation, heating, cooking, electricity, and manufacturing, we are effectively moving carbon more rapidly into the atmosphere than is being removed naturally through the sedimentation of carbon, ultimatelyRead MoreFinancial Analysis of General Electric98175 Words   |  393 PagesEcomagination drives growth because we are solving problems for our customers. At coal mines, from Pennsylvania to Peru, our water solutions allow customers to operate productively while achieving high environmental standards. We demonstrate every day that, through innovation, we can meet societal needs and do it proï ¬ tably. We deliver results. That is the ultimate output of a strong culture. Over the next few years, our performance will accelerate. We aim to reward investors by delivering a more valuable companyRead MoreInternational Financial Accounting155754 Words   |  624 Pagesalso support this paper. 2457 FOR EXAMS IN DECEMBER 2009 AND JUNE 2010 www.ebooks2000.blogspot.com First edition 2007 Third edition June 2009 ISBN 9780 7517 6364 5 (Previous ISBN 9870 7517 4723 2) British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Published by BPP Learning Media Ltd BPP House, Aldine Place London W12 8AA www.bpp.com/learningmedia Printed in Great Britain We are grateful to the Association of Chartered CertifiedRead MoreDamodaran Book on Investment Valuation, 2nd Edition398423 Words   |  1594 PagesINVESTMENT VALUATION: SECOND EDITION I will be putting my entire second edition online, while the book goes through the printing process - it will be available at the end of the year. This may seem like a bit of a free lunch, and I guess it is. I hope, though, that you can do me a favor as you go through the manuscript. If you find any mistakes - mathematical or grammatical - could you please let me know? It would help me ensure that the typos do not find their way into the final version. Chapter

Analysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral - 852 Words

In Raymond Carver’s short story â€Å"Cathedral,† a blind man named Robert visits a man and his wife in their home for a short period. In the beginning, the husband is very rude to Robert due to his inability to see. However, by the end of Robert’s stay, the husband realizes that he is quite far from being a blind fool. By analyzing the theme, character, and conflict of the short story, the reader will be able to better understand what messages lay within Carver’s writing. First, by analyzing the theme, or central topic of the text, the reader will comprehend what the story is truly about. The most continuous theme in â€Å"Cathedral† is the difference between looking and actually seeing. For example, staring at an object without intellectually comprehending its significance is â€Å"looking,† whereas the opposite of that would be â€Å"seeing.† In the story, before meeting Robert the husband says, â€Å"I don’t have any blind Friends† (Carver 34). By saying this, the husband is showing how he looks at things without seeing their inner significance, only their physical appearance. However, though, by the end of the story Robert shows the husband how to see the inner beauty of things by convincing him to draw a picture of a cathedral with his eyes closed. Once the husband sees how terrible the drawing looks, he realizes that it only matters how he sees the cathedral in his own mind, not exactly how it looks on paper. The reader can now see how easily one can overlook the inner beauty of somethingShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral1696 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom, or trying to bury alive. Cathedral, written by Raymond Carver, takes place in the early 1980’s. Originally published in The Atlantic Monthly in 1981. Carver slightly revised the story and re-released it in 1983. At a time when the blue collar working class lived paycheck to paycheck, working hard for newfound luxurie s such as color television, this short story is humorous and eye-opening for the reader. For adults ranging from thirty to forty years old, the 1980’s were possibly a ghostly, hauntingRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 1426 Words   |  6 PagesCharacter Analysis in Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral†: The Narrator Literature has the potential to act as a mirror by presenting people’s lived experiences, expectations, and perceptions through characters. Such is what can be deciphered through the analysis of different characters in Raymond Carver’s story â€Å"Cathedral.† This paper focuses on the narrator of the story portrayed by the author as blind, which is used metaphorically not to imply physical blindness, but the inability to have reasonedRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 1006 Words   |  5 Pages Gabrielle Sobolewski English 200 Professor Ruth Jennison 11/12/15 The short story â€Å"Cathedral† by Raymond Carver is told from the perspective of a first-person narrator. Throughout the story, the narrator is self-absorbed in his own thoughts and emotions and fails in his willingness to overlook personal insecurities in order to accommodate others’ discomfort, i.e. predominantly his wife and the blind man. In general, the story lacks figurative language and is told in short, directRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 970 Words   |  4 PagesIn Raymond Carver’s short story, â€Å"Cathedral†, we meet the character who is never named, and who is known as the narrator to us. Although the narrator’s character changed towards the end, and we don’t really learn much after the change of his personality, it is still a gradual change that took place. The narrator’s attitude is very important in the story because it revolves around him and the way he views things. This short story is about a m an who is married to a woman, and this woman has been friendsRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 1097 Words   |  5 PagesSeptember 2015 Cathedral by Raymond Carver In this short story by Raymond Carver begins with a man whose wife invited a good friend over named Robert and is blind. Before Roberts Arrival, the wife’s husband, whose name is Bub, does not know what to make out of his wife’s good friend Robert coming over to their house. Carver utilizes a story of a blind man who changes Bub’s outlook in life. Through the narrators changing character, theme of loneliness and jealousy, and the cathedral being a symbolRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 943 Words   |  4 PagesIn Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral†, the short story is told by a character within the story. The first-person point of view gives us a transparent visual of an important time in the narrators’ life. The narrator, who is â€Å"un-named† in the beginning of the story, uses blunt, flawless and a particular choice of words. This gives us as the reader a deeper connection with the narrator. The narrator begins this story by taking us through the changes he go through with the uneasy feeling of having a blind-manRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s The Cathedral 863 Words   |  4 Pages One of the Raymond Carver story where we can find a lot of religion symbols; it is â€Å"Cathedral.† The story develops an ironic situation in which a blind man teaches a sighted man to truly â€Å"see† for the first time. Near the end of the story, Carver has these two characters work together on a drawing of a cathedral, which serves as the symbolic heart of the story. The cathedral represents true sight, the ability to see beyond the surface to the true meaning that lies within. The narrator’s drawingRead MoreAn Analysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral1794 Words   |  8 Pages A Cynics Enlightenment Raymond Carver’s short-story Cathedral is outwardly about a pessimistic man, whose wife’s blind visitor named Robert changes the narrators predisposing perception of the world and awakes a new view on life in the process. But inwardly, the story is about the desperate need for connection between these three characters, which isn’t feasible do to the emotional-detachment by the narrator. In the beginning, the narrator is hindered by his prejudices which doesn t allow himRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral1524 Words   |  7 PagesAs if someone has unlocked his prison cell to liberate him of his stereotypical point of view. The protagonist of Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral† was an individual whose stagnant mind has blind him from truly seeing the aspects and characteristics of people around him. Before meeting his wife’s blind friend whose name is Robert, the protagonist perceives reality with a stereotypical mind-set shaped by m isleading information from movies. Hence, he make judgement about other people without ever settingRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral2364 Words   |  10 Pagesmost. The same could be said about people who are limited by one or more of their six senses and are judged by the majority of the population who are not limited and make preconceived notions about these limitations which can bind them. Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral† explores many literary devices that reveal the pre conceived perception towards people with physical limitations without understanding the individual first, which is still a problem today. The protagonist, the narrator is closed minded

A Fall Before Rising free essay sample

Review of the Literature Brief Summary the Story Ramchandran (Jai) Jaikumar had a passion for climbing mountains; he would head to his native India on a regular basis to pursue the love of climbing mountains. He would also spend four months per year as a climber and the reminder months as an engineer. Jaikumar was consider as an expert for climbing mountain because he was trained by expert mountaineers, so he knew what to do if he were happened to be in an bad situation. The crisis began on a summer day in 1966, Jaikumar, an engineering student of the Indian Institute of Technology along with his climbing buddy went mountain climbing in order to reach the summit of the Himalayan mountain. Their â€Å"turnaround time† was suppose to end at 1p. m, they admire the view and were proud of their effort, they delayed the time knowing that the light was soon to fade. We will write a custom essay sample on A Fall Before Rising or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They eventually began to head back to high camp around 4 p. m. As Jaikumar and his friend began climbing back down, they were to be in a dangerous journey back because it was getting darker. They had to soon begin to feel their way downward by tapping their ice picks to the surface before them because the wind had created a cornice, a slab of ice and snow. The cornice began to stretched out into the air on the rocks, Jaikumar and his friend wasn’t able to see the rocks beneath a cornice so that means they wasn’t able to estimate how far it extend or how much weight it can hold. Since both realize that were in danger, they decide to untie their ropes that connected them, so therefore one wouldn’t pull the other to his death. Eventually Jaikumar was in the lead after they split, as they both were climbing down, they heard an explosive sound. Both Jaikumar and his buddy had the instinct to jump to different sides of the mountain; it was a cornice that fell beneath them. As Jaikumar was tumbling down mountain, he got rid of all unnecessary gear, such as his ice axe so he wouldn’t pierce his body. He was sliding down more than one and one-half miles down mountain slopes. By the time, he reach the bottom, he was left with nothing except a few bars from a small pack. Jaikumar was semi-conscious, he eventually tried to lift his self up and walk, but only to severe pain and he also concluded that his friend was nowhere to be found. He knew that his chance of survival was slim to none, but he was going to fight for his life. His main goal was to walk down the rest mountain before it came to the point where he wasn’t able to walk anymore. He didn’t know where he was and he knew he had to stay on his feet because if he had sat down, he might not be able to get back up. Jaikumar hiked took 24 hours in which his judged later that it should have only been a six or seven hour walk. Suddenly, he heard a dog barking, Jaikumar was ecstatic because he knew a barking dog signify human life somewhere around. He came upon a small village in the Himalayas and noticed a small hut, as he approached, he collapsed. Upon his faint, there was an Shepherd woman attending to his wounds, although she wasn’t able to help him like she wanted to because he was in bad shape, she carried him down the mountain to the next village. The woman was by his side until everything was in place. Jaukumar was grateful of her generosity that she wanted to offer payment for her kindness, but she refused. Overall Jaikumar made it to the hospital where the doctor diagnosed him with broken hip and fallen arches on both feet, but his injuries wasn’t permanent. But as of Jaikumar knowledge, his friend never been found and mostly likely is dead. Defining the problems along with recommendations After reading this piece of literature, the main issue was Jai and his partner made arrangement to climb up the mountain in which was a exceptional achievement, but the problem came into place when it was time for them to do their turnaround point, they pushed the time back a couple of hours. They both knew the possible consequences if they waited later to head back to high camp. They also knew they were experience climbers, so it shouldn’t be a bad situation. According to the text, Business Ethics: Decision-Making for Personal Integrity and Social Responsibility, they should of thought of an ethical decision making routine before they decide to press time to climb down the mountain at a later hour. Jaikumar and his buddy could have talked about the consequences and the effort this could have instead of just making a decision hands downs just because they felt they were healthy and experience. They should have already known to start heading back down especially if they had visualization of the light was fading and as the light the night fall the colder the weather was going to drop. Jaikumar and his friend could also talked to an expert climber, maybe the person who trained them but maybe they still wouldn’t of listen because they both knew the procedures if something when wrong. What is Moral and Immoral about the case? The moral issue about this case is that they were doing what they loved and invested many years of training and might be considered an expert at, mountain climbing. Another issue that was moral about this piece of literature is the woman at the end of the story whom helped him regardless of know what type of person Jaikumar could be and where he was from, she also couldn’t communicate with him due to language barriers but she still wanted to help. She didn’t have to help Jaikumar if she didn’t want to because she could have been frightened of a stranger or maybe she simply just didn’t want to. The Shepherd woman helped because maybe she knew it was the right thing to do or maybe she would want someone to help her if she were in need of assistant. The immoral issue in this case is basically how Jaikumar and his buddy didn’y plan the right procedures communication wise prior to this journey. If they were to a steady agenda and maybe stuck with it, things could have happened a little differently. Who and what are the stakeholder’s assumptions? The stakeholders who were affected by the accident were Jaikumar and his buddy. They wanted to enjoy the 24,000 feet above sea level so much longer; they assumed a couple hours longer would be good because they were experts. They both also felt they were so healthy and had plenty of climbing knowledge under their belt about mountain climbing, they assumed going back down would be a piece a cake. As they began heading back down the mountain, the light was fading and it was getting cold enough that a cornice was forming, they assume if they something bad shall happen that they should untied the ropes that bound them so both of them wouldn’t go down together. They assumptions cause these problems as stated expected the departing of ropes, but if they made better planning, this incident could of somewhat been prevented by good decision-making skills. The lady Shepherd is also a stakeholder but if she had never help Jaikumar, her assumption could of conclude that he will die, she would be responsible for Jaikumar death, or maybe it was her goodwill to do the right thing. Could this been avoided? This situation happened due to moral imagination, they had good intentions and all Jaikumar and his buddy wanted to do is experience what they enjoyed best, but unfortunately the mission went the wrong path. This situation could have been avoided with right decisions. The agreeable decision from taking their path was to enjoy life and live it to its fullest. If this situation had never happened, they may had never gotten a chance to climb the Himalayan mountain and Jaikumar would had never gotten a chance to see the real role of survivor if you are put our in that zone. Jaikumar also wouldn’t have learned that there are still people out there that really care. He may have also learned to follow directions. Jaikumar and his buddy action were disagreeable because they should have known to follow the rules and not to break the rules in order to do what they have passion for. The schedule should have been kept and stayed the same as planned. Conclusion In conclusion, I discussed the summary of the literature along with stating the problem, defining the problems along with recommendations, stated the morality and immorality about this piece of literature, explained the stakeholder assumptions, and stated my opinion about if this situation could of be avoid or not along with my agreement and disagreement. Overall this was an exceptional story because it though me the rule about not letting temptation get the best of me and importance of helping people the best way you can if they are in need. A Fall Before Rising free essay sample Before Rising by Jai Jaikumar is about a mountain climbing trip with Jai and his friend. They were suppose to turnaround and head back to high camp due to safety considerations but decided to continue climbing since they were not tired and they were also experienced. After reaching the mountain summit they began their descent the cornice fell through, resulting in Jai and his companion to be separated on the other side of the slope. Jai fell on the snow in the Himalayas at close to 24,000 feet, and of the consequent 60-mile-per-hour ride down part of the side of the mountain losing nearly 3000 feet in altitude, and then a 24-hour trek through snow and ice apparently on a broken hip until he fell into the arms of a peasant woman who fed him and then carried him on her back feet by feet for three (3) days to a doctor in a neighboring village. We will write a custom essay sample on A Fall Before Rising or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The problem here was that Jai and his companion had originally set 1 p. m. as their â€Å"turnaround time,† the point at which considerations of safety dictate that climbers should abandon their ascent and head back to high camp. However, the prospect of waiting a few more days to again challenge the summit held little appeal for Jai and his companion. The problem resulted from the fact that they should have followed the procedures and considerations set for the safety of climbers. If they had followed their initial decision to turn around at 1 p. m. , they would have abided by the safety measures that were dictated. Usually, when measures put in place it is to ensure the most efficient of results which in this case was to create a turnaround point that the climbers could see to ascend the mountain instead of feeling their way down as Jai and his companion did. I would recommend two things to be done: firstly, they should have followed the initial precautions so that they would be able to better judge the cornice and hence would be obliged to find another route. Secondly, acknowledging the predictability and dangers of the cornice they knew that there were no prospective determinants of how far it extended from the rock or how much weight it could hold so when they acknowledged the dangers as they did – their initial thought should have been safety and then they both could clearly define an alternate route. The moral aspect of this story is that of the shepherd woman who selflessly took up the fate of another individual as her personal responsibility. She realized that she had to help this stranger because she had the ability to do so. The woman refused to leave a stranger (Jai) until his journey was secured and then she refused Jai’s offer of payment for her kindness and generosity. This deed was done based on her obvious personal ethical values which proved to be moral. The stakeholders are anyone who was affected by the decisions that were made, in this case Jai and his companion were the extreme stake holders and consequently it trickled down to a shepherd woman and eventually several others. Jai was affected most since all the decisions made affected him directly throughout the story. The shepherd woman, the village officials, and the physician were also affected and therefore can be considered stakeholders. The assumptions of Jai and his companion were that since they were both healthy and experienced at climbing despite their youth, when the 1 p. . turn around time came, the decision to press on had been easy to make, which was to continue on since the prospects of doing it another day held little appeal to both men. Their assumptions did affect the problem above, since they should have turned around due to the considerations of safety that dictated that climbers should abandon their ascent and head back to high camp, regardless of their assump tion that they were both healthy and experienced at climbing. If they had done so then there would have been a high probability that they would have been able to redefine their decision and assess the danger that was directly at hand. This situation occurred due to the fact that it was not safe at the point of their descending since it was failing light which made their march dangerous as they had to feel and tap their way through the ice with their ice picks to test the surface before them. The situation could have been avoided if they had followed their initial decision to turn around at 1 p. m. they should have done this because of the safety measures that were dictated. Jai and his companion may have made the decision to walk the cornice since it was already late getting back to the camp site. Their initial assessment was that they were healthy, experienced climbers who could accomplish the goal desired – they had to use their judgment and intuition at what was best for them at the moment. However, on the other hand, they broke a rul e/law that was put in place for their safety. They should have been responsible enough to follow the correct procedures in order to accomplish a desired goal. They should have turned around to the camp when it turned 1 p. m. and continued another day – here this decision resulted in an additional loss of four (4) days in excruciating pain and the loss of a close friend. Within these four days they would have accomplished their goals within reason that they did not break any rules. The moral of this story is to show that good fortune, success, and obligation were necessarily and inescapably connected and also to assess what the relationship between good fortune, and a moral obligation to other people could be. The resulting factor could shape an individuals outlook on the relationship between privilege and responsibility and may bring the individual to a new passion altogether. Its purpose was to allow an individual to recognize how fragile their life was and how their personal circumstances could drastically change in an instant. After all this, Jai learnt that people do have compassion and also that you should not climb past your â€Å"turn around time† which can be interpreted to be that it is best not to give in to the temptation of breaking the rules in order to reach the mountain summit which was their goal.

The Edible Woman Essays - Guggenheim Fellows, New Canadian Library

The Edible Woman Achieving Personal Identity in Atwood's The Edible Woman In the novel, The Edible Woman by Margaret Atwood, the principal character Marian McAlpine establishes a well-integrated and balanced personality by rejecting the domination of social conventions, and conquering her own passivity. Through this process to self-awareness, Atwood uses imagery and symbolism to effectively parallel Marian's journey and caricatures to portray the roles of the ?consuming' society. As Marian stands at a pivotal point in her life, she examines and rejects the roles presented to her by society in order to achieve self-knowledge. She is 26 years old with her education behind her. She has her first job as well as, her boyfriend Peter Wollander, who is the last bachelor of his friends. Thus, Marian begins to contemplate her future and the type of woman she will become. Working at Seymour Surveys for four months, she is eligible and obliged to contribute a Pension Plan. Marian is forced to inspect her future at the company. Atwood uses the image of an ice cream sandwich to represent the structure of the company and it's exploitation of women. Only men get the ?upper crust' positions on the top floor of the office building; machines and their operators form a kind of modern slave labour on the bottom floor. ?The gooey layer in the middle?(p.12) is almost entirely made up of women who are housewives working for low pay in their spare time. Marian can only hope to becom e the head or assistant of her department like Mrs. Bogue, leading to a future as a retired spinster. This role is the first she rejects. Another option is presented in the three ?office virgins?, a trio of dyed blondes who represent society's stereotype of a young woman. They intend to stay virgins till marriage and travel before settling down. They dress femininely and wear artful make-up which Atwood compares to a baited lure for ?ravenous as pike' businessmen. Marian is uncomfortable with the look of these women and the stereotype they represent. Marian also explores the image of herself as a wife and mother, through her pregnant friend Clara. Atwood compares Clara to ? a boa-constrictor who swallowed a water-melon?(p.25). Clara's body represents the way in which a woman's body can get out of control, if she allows nature to take its course. Clara, as Marian sees, is littering the world with children for no specific purpose. Consequently, Clara becomes a vegetable unable to think for herself or to concentrate. Marian rejects Clara's version of a woman's role because she thinks it is irresponsible and precarious. A fourth alternative is her roommate, Ainsley, who represents the predatory female. Atwood characterises her as a combination of military general and inert vegetable growth. Ainsley plots to impregnate her self through Len Shank and raise the child alone, then later tries to force him into marriage. To Marian, Ainsley is far to dominating and immoral. In rejection of these roles, Marian is left in an empty state and succumbs to irrational behaviour due to her lack of self-knowledge. Marian's engagement to Peter intensifies her anxieties about the future. Prior to his proposal, Marian hears a hunting story of Peter's; he describes killing and gutting a rabbit. Irrationally, Marian feels a panic as in tense as a hunted animal as she identifies with the rabbit. She runs from Peter, an action she does not understand. Atwood illustrates that she is afraid of becoming a victim of Peter's, like the rabbit. Later that evening, she hides under the sofa bed in Len's apartment. Atwood presents this irrational gesture of escape with overtones of a rabbit burrowing or the desire to return to an uncomplicated life of the womb. Marian's instinctive mechanisms of escape are conquered by Peter's urge as a predator. Marian allows herself to be conquered, thus following society's expectations of a woman. Accordingly, she accepts Peter proposal and s ays, ?I'd rather leave all the big decisions up to you?(p.87) to the wedding plans. Marian's engagement identifies her main impediment to an integrated personality: her excessive passivity. At work, she does things that are not part of her job. At home, she lets Ainsley and the landlady intimidate her. She even cleans the tub

How to Calculate Volume Percent Concentration

How to Calculate Volume Percent Concentration Volume percent or volume/volume percent (v/v%)  is used when preparing solutions of liquids. It is very easy to prepare a chemical solution using volume percent, but if you misunderstand the definition of this unit of concentration, youll experience problems. Percent Volume Definition Volume percent is defined as: v/v % [(volume of solute)/(volume of solution)] x 100% Note that volume percent is relative to volume of solution, not volume of solvent. For example, wine is about 12% v/v ethanol. This means there are 12 ml ethanol for every 100 ml of wine. It is important to realize liquid and gas volumes are not necessarily additive. If you mix 12 ml of ethanol and 100 ml of wine, you will get less than 112 ml of solution. As another example, 70% v/v rubbing alcohol may be prepared by taking 700 ml of isopropyl alcohol and adding sufficient water to obtain 1000 ml of solution (which will not be 300 ml). Solutions made to a specific volume percent concentration typically are prepared using a volumetric flask. When Is Volume Percent Used? Volume percent (vol/vol% or v/v%) should be used whenever a solution is prepared by mixing pure liquid solutions. In particular, its useful where miscibility comes into play, as with volume and alcohol. Acid and base aqueous reagents are usually described using weight percent (w/w%). An example is  concentrated hydrochloric acid, which is 37% HCl w/w. Dilute solutions are often described using weight/volume % (w/v%). An example is 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate.  Although its a good idea to always cite the units used in percentages, it seems common for people to omit them for w/v%. Also, note weight is really mass.

Visas para novios para visitar a sus parejas en EE.UU.

Visas para novios para visitar a sus parejas en EE.UU. Cuando los miembros de una pareja viven en distintos paà ­ses y uno de los novio est en Estados Unidos y el otro fuera surge la pregunta de quà © visa debe solicitar el que se encuentra en el extranjero para ingresar a EE.UU. La respuesta depende de cul es la finalidad de la visa,  ¿es solo visitar o contraer matrimonio y, a continuacià ³n, obtener los papeles de la residencia permanente? Las reglas que se explican a continuacià ³n aplican tanto a parejas conformadas por una mujer y un varà ³n como a las homosexuales, ya que en EE.UU. las parejas del mismo sexo siguen las mismas reglas migratorias que las heterosexuales. Visas para novios extranjeros para ingresar a EE.UU. Cuando la intencià ³n es solo visitar:Canadienses siguen sus propias reglasVisa de cruce para residentes en la zona fronterizaExencià ³n de visa para chilenos y espaà ±olesVisa de turista para el restoCuando la intencià ³n es contraer matrimonio:Visa K-1, solo para prometidos de ciudadanos estadounidenses.Problemas que pueden surgir en ambos casos:Acusacià ³n de fraude de ley.No respetar los plazos. Visa para novios cuando la intencià ³n es solo visitar El novio extranjero debe ingresar a EE.UU. como turista cuando su à ºnica intencià ³n de visitar a su pareja y, tras la visita, regresar a su paà ­s de origen o de residencia. En este caso las opciones son las siguientes: En el caso de chilenos y los espaà ±oles  pueden viajar sin visa por pertenecer al  Programa de Exencià ³n de Visas (VWP, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Si llegan por avià ³n tienen que solicitar una autorizacià ³n electrà ³nica para volar que se conoce como ESTA y se tramita por internet. El tiempo mximo que se puede estar en Estados Unidos es de 90 dà ­as, sin posibilidad de extensià ³n. Esta opcià ³n tambià ©n aplica a los ciudadanos de otra treintena de paà ­ses, la mayorà ­a de los cuales son europeos y asiticos y estn incluidos en dicho programa. Por otro lado, los ciudadanos canadienses siguen reglas que sà ³lo aplican a ellos. Adems, los mexicanos y residentes en la zona fronteriza entre Mà ©xico y Estados Unidos pueden solicitar una visa lser, tambià ©n conocida como Tarjeta de Cruce Local, que tiene importantes limitaciones en lo relativo a modo de ingresar a Estados Unidos, plazo mximo de estadà ­a y millas que pueden alejarse de la frontera. Por à ºltimo, para la mayorà ­a de los extranjeros el documento correcto para ingresar como turista es una visa B-2 tambià ©n conocida como visa de paseo o placer. Es frecuente que se apruebe conjuntamente con una B-1 de negocios. Puede ayudar a obtener la aprobacià ³n de la visa, el novio que est legalmente en EE.UU. puede redactar una carta de Invitacià ³n, aunque no es obligatoria. Lo ms importante para sacar la visa es que el solicitante, es decir, el novio/a que vive fuera de los Estados Unidos, no tenga en su pasado ninguna causa que lo convierta en inadmisible. La causa ms comà ºn por la que se niega la visa de turista es por no acreditar lazos familiares y/o econà ³micos suficientes en el lugar en el que se reside.En otras palabras, el oficial consular va a negar la visa si sospecha que el solicitante se va a quedar en los Estados Unidos ms tiempo del autorizado o si su intencià ³n es casarse y, a continuacià ³n, quedarse en el paà ­s. Visa de prometidos para las parejas de ciudadanos americanos Si la intencià ³n de la pareja es casarse y que el novio/a extranjera se quede a vivir en EE.UU. la visa a solicitar no es la de turista sino la visa K-1 para novios o prometidos. Tambià ©n se pueden beneficiar de esa visa los hijos del novio/a, pidiendo para ellos una K-2, siempre y cuando cumplan estos nià ±os con los requisitos de edad y estado civil. Para la visa K-1 es requisito obligatorio que la pareja està © conformada por un estadounidense. En otras palabras, no aplica a los novios de residentes permanentes legales ni de otras personas que se encuentran legalmente en EE.UU. Adems, si un extranjero ingresa a EE.UU. con una visa K-1 debe casarse dentro de los 90 dà ­as siguientes a la entrada al paà ­s y proceder de inmediato a ajustar su estatus. Solo asà ­ podr obtener una tarjeta de residencia permanente y quedarse legalmente en los Estado Unidos. Cabe destacar que si no hay matrimonio dentro de plazo, hay que abandonar los Estados Unidos. No se puede cambiar de visa y permanecer en el paà ­s. Tampoco es posible casarse con una persona distinta a la que patrocinà ³. Antes de hacer cualquier cosa de esas, consultar con un abogado de inmigracià ³n, ya que pueden surgir muchos problemas porque puede suceder que las autoridades migratorias consideren que se mintià ³ para obtener la visa K-1 con la que se ingresà ³ a Estados Unidos y eso serà ­a un fraude de ley. Cuando se entra para una visita de turista y se cambia de opinià ³n Hay un elemento tà ©cnico de las visas al que nadie le presta atencià ³n pero que causa grandes problemas: es el requisito de la intencià ³n. Cuando se ingresa como turista, ya sea con la visa B-2, con la lser o sin visa por ser de un paà ­s en el Programa de Exencià ³n de Visados la intencià ³n es la de ingresar y salirse antes de que se agote el tiempo permitido de estancia legal. Si el oficial migratorio en un puerto, frontera terrestre o aeropuerto considera que la intencià ³n es quedarse en Estados Unidos, no permitir la entrada. Asimismo, si una persona que ingresa como turista se casa inmediatamente, se considerar que su intencià ³n siempre fue la de ingresar para quedarse y, por lo tanto, puede negar cualquier intento de regularizar la situacià ³n mediante un ajuste de estatus para obtener la green card. Y eso es asà ­ aà ºn cuando la persona que presenta la peticià ³n de los papeles para su cà ³nyuge es un ciudadano americano o un residente permanente legal. Es por eso que es muy importante entender plazos y tiempos cuando se ingresa de visa de turista, hay matrimonio y a continuacià ³n se pide un ajuste de estatus. Por à ºltimo, con respecto a lo explicado en este punto, cabe destacar que recientemente ha cambiado la polà ­tica de plazos. En la actualidad, las autoridades migratorias pueden considerar que hay un fraude de ley si el matrimonio tiene lugar y la solicitud de ajuste de estatus se presenta antes de que transcurran 90 dà ­as a contar desde la fecha de ingreso al paà ­s. Hasta fechas recientes ese plazo era ms corto. Por lo tanto, lo que comenten al respecto familiares o amigos puede estar equivocado, porque las reglas, simplemente, han cambiado. Problemas que pueden surgir para los novios visitando a sus enamorados en Estados Unidos Adems de todos los inconvenientes que pueden dar lugar a la cancelacià ³n o revocacià ³n de la visa o a su no renovacià ³n, el principal problema puede darse por ingresar frecuentemente en los Estados Unidos, a tal punto que el oficial migratorio en el punto de entrada al paà ­s considere que la intencià ³n es quedarse. Otro problema puede surgir por continuamente llevar al là ­mite el tiempo permitido de estancia. Y en es que importante no levantar nunca la sospecha de que se est realmente viviendo en Estados Unidos cuando en realidad se tiene un documento que sà ³lo admite estar como turista. En este punto no hay reglas de plazos fijos por lo que todo queda en manos de la opinià ³n del oficial migratorio. Por à ºltimo, si se desea informarse de manera sencilla sobre todo lo que se debe saber de la visa de turista, tomar este test de respuestas mà ºltiples. Saber la respuesta correcta a cada pregunta evitar problemas. Y para navegar en el sistema migratorio estadounidense, el mejor consejo es muy sencillo: no cometer errores. NOTA: Este artà ­culo tiene valor sà ³lo informativo. No debe considerarse en ningà ºn caso consejo legal.

The Role of Pharmacy in Todays Modern Healthcare Environment Essay

The Role of Pharmacy in Todays Modern Healthcare Environment - Essay Example Like all medical fields, the field of pharmacy is facing formidable challenges. According to the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy in 2000, there are approximately 201,700 pharmacists in the United States with the numbers increasing by about 2,200 annually. Also, pharmacists are the third largest group of health care professionals, exceeded only by physicians and nurses. Unfortunately, most pharmacists entering the workforce today choose to practice in community pharmacies, and a substantial number take positions within the pharmaceutical industry. This is because community pharmacists make higher salaries than hospital pharmacists and the latter spend more time on patient care functions. Thus, this trend has left a shortage of pharmacists available to work in the hospital setting (Raffel and Barsukiewicz, 2002). Another issue that hounds pharmacists today is the danger of committing medical errors. In today's pharmacy environment, there are many potential sources for error when filling a single prescription. For instance, prescription errors may be stratified into problems with drug prescribing, transcribing, administration, and dispensing.

Derek Jarmans Blue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Derek Jarmans Blue - Essay Example Discovering he was HIV positive in 1986, it comes as no surprise that Jarman’s work passionately embraced the call of AIDS activism. Indeed, until his death from AIDS in 1994 a great amount of Jarman’s visual and sound art concerned the nature of homosexual identity and the need for increased attention to victims of this disease. While Jarman’s artistic production exhibits a considerable range of work, from stage design to writing and even conceptual pieces, it’s unquestionably his work in the filmic medium that has garnered him the most critical acclaim. While beginning with crude super 8 mm films, Jarman progressed to more elaborate film art visions. In Sebastianne (1976) Jarman is credited with producing the first British film that depicted homosexuality from a positive perspective. In the 1980s Jarman increasingly turned his attentions to questions of homosexuality and AIDS activism. These themes and style continued until Jarman eventually experienced health concerns and began constructing more paired down works. It is in this context that Jarman’s seminal film Blue was produced in 1993. During the time of its production Jarman was dying of AIDS and his sight was rapidly diminishing. The film itself consists of an entirely blue screen with text and music interspersed in a stream of conscious like narrative format. Rowland Wymer has articulated the film as, â€Å"The return to the suffering body - the blue screen representing not only an 'open door to the soul' but also an after-image on the retina left by the 'shattering bright light of the specialist's camerea' - is also a return to politics.† While the narrative contains ambiguity characteristic of Jarman’s personal artistic approach, it’s clear the film exhibits a relationship between the motif of transcendence and AIDS activism. This essay considers Derek Jarman’s Blue within this context, and attempts to situate it within the broader contex t of Queer theory, and the aural landscape of the relatively new field of sound art. Analysis In great part one detects in Derek Jarman’s Blue the interrelation between the form of the film and the underlining subtext of the film’s narrative and artistic intentions. Perhaps the most pervasive and overarching structural concerns one notes is transcendental nature of how the flow of life equals the stream of conscious flow of the narrative. In these regards one thinks of the transcendent in the Emersonian sense, as life is understood not as the singular entity of the individual, but rather as a universal oneness. This flows from Jarman’s own confrontation with morality in the film and the impending questions all individuals with AIDS must face regarding their own transitory existence. While the film returns to a number of thematic tropes, it is this underlining subtext, namely the motif of transcendence and AIDS activism, that is perhaps most prevalent throughout Jarman’s work in this film. As the film progresses these thematic concerns gradually become articulated through a number of structural means. While the predominant emphasis is on the nature of sound and text, one must also consider Jarman’s implementation of the blue background throughout the entirety of the film. Early in the film, one notes Jarman’s direct discussion of the color blue. The film states, â€Å"Blue is the universal love in which man bathes. It is the terrestrial paradise.† The film then transitions to the narrator describing himself walking along the beach in which he hears the voices of dead friends. Here the blue background represents the transcendence of the ocean and sounds of past friends. It functions as a testament to these individuals who perhaps died from AIDS, drawing attention to the

Pirates of the Caribbean Essay Example for Free

Pirates of the Caribbean Essay There dynamic personalities of the many characters in Pirates of the Caribbean are a huge part of what made the movie so successful. Among those characters, there are some who contribute more to the plot by their actions and some who affect the other characters by their mere presence. Captain Barbosa and the Commodore have some obvious differences that divide them in the movie, but their similarities are much more important. As a pair of comic alazons, Barbosa and the Commodore play an important role in providing basis for comparison against Captain Jack Sparrow and further complicate the love story in the movie. Captain Barbosa is interesting character in that his actions are often represented in an amateur light. It is important remember the introduction of Barbosa if one is to understand his character. It is important to note that he is originally Jack Sparrow’s first mate, which immediately relegates Barbosa to a subordinate and thus, amateur position. He never really grows out of that and through the rest of the movie and there is never much indication that he is capable, either. One such example where this is evident occurs when Barbosa makes the mistake of thinking that Elizabeth is the daughter of Bootstrap Bill Turner. By attempting this important blood ritual using the wrong person, Barbosa shows just how much of an impostor he actually is. In addition to that, one of the primary characteristics of a comic alazon is their unique ability to get in the way of the primary love scene in the movie. In this case, Barbosa’s constant meddling with Elizabeth, Jack, and William spurns a host of different love-filled possibilities in the film. Like Captain Barbosa, the Commodore is an interesting character who has a big role in the film. His primary role as impostor comes from his relationship with Elizabeth. He sets out to marry her and the film allows him to get very close, but ultimately she settles on Will Turner as her true love. This sets up the Commodore as something of a joke from the very beginning. In addition, he can be seen as a comic alazon because of his failed methods in finding Elizabeth when she has been captured by Barbosa. It is interesting to note that the Commodore is completely against piracy, which is something of a strange idea considering how common it was during the movie’s time. It was almost as if he was on a mission to stop something that he had absolutely no ability to stop. The commodore is similar to Barbosa in many ways and the movie adeptly points this out. These two are similar in that they serve as a foil for Will Turner in his relationship with Elizabeth. In addition, both are seen as something of jokes, and they are not taken seriously by the other characters even though the one thing they want more than anything is to be taken seriously. In a way, Jack Sparrow just toys with both the Commodore and with Barbosa and though he is always in reach of them, he manages to make them look foolish and escape at the same time. This is the one reason why they are important to the plot. The basic characteristics of the two characters make them very different simply based upon the fact that Barbosa is a pirate who is hurting Elizabeth, while the Commodore is against piracy and loves Barbosa. Those things are purely superfluous to the story, though, as the more important theme has to be drawn both characters’ abilities to look foolish and completely inept at the same time. All in all, these characters are incredibly important to the story’s development. Though their differences are pronounced, their similarities are even more important. On both sides of the spectrum, they serve as something to laugh at and people for the main characters to constantly toy with for the entirety of the film.

Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - Fates

The Power of Fate in Oedipus Rex  Ã‚   Oedipus, the fated tragic hero of Sophocles’s Oedipus Rex, is a complex character who, through slow realization, learns that one cannot escape fate.   Throughout the course of the tragedy, Oedipus’s attitude evolves from arrogance to humbleness as he learns to seek for truth and finds that fate is impossible to control. In the beginning of Oedipus Rex, Oedipus is a strong, noble king in search of justice for the slain former King Laios. Oedipus is both arrogant and ignorant of his future misfortune. â€Å"With the help of God, we shall be saved,†... ... full of rage, curiosity, impatience, ignorance, denial, and finally, remorse.   His persisting denial to accept the enormous coincidences that are made known to him and his complete ignorance towards these facts lead Oedipus to his tragic downfall from a noble king to a blind, humbled, man.

Khazars and Judaism

In his essay entitled â€Å"O dvoystvennosti verkhovnoy vlasti u khazarov†, Vasili V. Grigoriev described the Khazar as follows: â€Å"The Khazar people were an unusual phenomenon for Medieval times. Surrounded by savage and nomadic tribes, they had all the advantages of the developed countries: structured government, vast and prosperous trading, and a permanent army.At the time, when great fanatism and deep ignorance contested their dominion over Western Europe, the Khazar state was famous for its justice and tolerance. People persecuted for their faiths flocked into Khazaria from everywhere. As a glistening star it shone brightly on the gloomy horizon of Europe, and faded away without leaving any traces of existence.†This paper introduces to a reader who the Khazar people are and their role in Jewish history.Khazars and JudaismOriginally, the Khazars practiced Shamanism and phallic worship with the sky god Tengri as the focus. Subordinate Gods whom the Khazars worship ped include fertility  goddess  Umay,  Kuara, a thunder god, and  Erlik, the god of deathDue the persecution of Jews under Heraclius, Leo III, Justinian II and Romanos I, Jews fled to Khazaria. The Mazdak revolts also caused Jews from Persia to flee to Khazaria. It was said that Jewish merchants from this age regularly traded in Khazaria. They may have wielded strong econimic relations in Khazaria.Sometime in the 8th century or 9th, the Khazar royalty converted to Judaism and the most of the population followed. The reason for the conversion, as some historians say is that the King cannot anymore endure the nasty forms of sexual excesses of his people. King Bulan abolished shamanism and the worship of phallic objects. He decided against Christianity and Islam and selected Judaism.The King and his nobles were converted immediately by the rabbis from Babylonia. Phallic worship was then forbidden. Kings requested for rabbis to open schools and synagogues in the nation. Judaism has become the religion of Khazaria.The conversion of King Bulan started the new policy that only a Jew can occupy the Khazar throne. The kingdom became a theocracy where the leaders imposed religion as the guide to everyday life. Judaism provided not only religious but also civil laws.   

Recent events have made the patents value of question

Before BUG, Inc. decides to go international the company needs to apply for patents and trademarks to safeguard their corporate image and their product. At the baer minimum, the company needs to apply for an American patent and trademark. Under the guidelines of the Paris Convention of 1870, more than 125 nations worldwide recognize patents that are registered with the World Patent Office in Switzerland (â€Å"International Protection of Intellectual Property† 2007).Recent events have made the patents value of question in some Third World countries as there is an international movement to allow developing nations an exemption from world patent laws, but given the the nature of the product and the import regulations of most modernized countries, the patent protection is certainly worth having. Also important is an international trademark for the company logo (U. S. Trademark Law 2007). Establishing a legal claim to the trademark can help the company to establish an internationa l identity associated with both their name and logo.Neither of these protections are particularly expensive and they can prevent the sale of black market goods which infringe on the BUG, Inc. product. They can also make it possible for BUG, Inc. to seek recompense in the event of patent infringement. Establishing the trademark and patent becomes especially important when Steve engages is corporate espionage and relays internal research and development information to BUG, Inc. ’s competitor, WIRETAP.The first thing that BUG needs to take into consideration with regard to the Steve’s actions as an employee of WIRETAP is that he ahs committed a federal crime under the Economic Espionage Case of 1996 (â€Å"Economic espionage†, 2007). That means that if the company can prduce sufficient evidence, Steve could be facing federal charges for his action. Steve could face 10 years in prison and up to $500,000 in fines related to criminal charges of the theft of trade secr ets (Halligan 1996). WIRETAP could face $5 million in fines. (Halligan 1996).Because Walter was not a law enforcement official, it could be argued that his keeping Steve in a locked room for six hours constitutes false imprisonment and he could face criminal charges related to those actions (Best Practice #1, 1999). According to the International Association of Security Professional, the law allows security guards to detain people suspected of a crime long enough to ascertain their identity and to contact the police, not to question them for six hours, depending on the state they are operating in, he could be charged with false imprisonment or kidnapping.(Best Practice #1, 1999). In addition, in most states, his threats of physical violence, though only threats, constitute a verbal assault on Steve and he could be charged with assault as well. (Online Dictionary, 2007) Furthermore, because Walter did this while on the job and used a company facility to do so, BUG, Inc. may face some liability for his actions as well. BUG could argue that Walter was not acting within the scope of his duties, but that is belied by the fact that he took these actions on company time and on company property.(Best Practice #1, 1999). This may mean that because of Walter’s actions, BUG could be facing greater liability than Steve is. When BUG goes online, it is possible that they may be able to acquire the domain name previously purchased by the clearinghouse corporation through a lawsuit arguing that the clearinghouse purchased it with the intention of depriving them from the trademark (Uniform Domain, 1999).There are also provisions for administrative hearings if BUG can demonstrate that the other entity adopted the domain name just in an attempt to deprive them of the name by which they are commonly known (Uniform Domain, 1999). However, it would be imperative as their attorney to explain that the cost of instigating the lawsuit could be large and that they should weigh th e cost of the lawsuit against the cost of simply purchasing the domain name from the current owners. There are provisions for the recovery of fees through the administrative hearing process, but they are not guaranteed to win (Uniform Domain, 1999).BUG should also be aware that as the instigators of an online contract they can determine what circumstances constitute acceptance of the contract and that American courts have held that online contracts are every bit as binding as written contracts (CyberLaw 2007). The company should also determine what their policy is with regards to sale of their product to non-law enforcement personnel and if they intend to distribute exclusively to appropriate law enforcement personnel, how they will verify that the person ordering the supplies is who they claim to be.The corporation should also consider contracting with an outside firm to supply website security to protect their financial transactions from hackers (CyberLaw 2007). At the BUG plant i n Shady Town, BUG liability for the attack on the vendor and employees is mitigated by the fact that there is a community-wide crime spree underway and by the fact that the company has not replaced lights that have been broken or burned out. As an invited guest of the company, the vendor has the right to expect safety as do employees (Killion, 2007).When sued for losses which occurred on their property, Bug’s attorneys can argue that their responsibility to provide a safe environment for employees and clients was undermined by the community-wide crime spree (Killion, 2007) The investigation into Steve’s actions might result in civil RICO proceedings if the company can prove underlying mail, wire or securities fraud (â€Å"Overview† 2007). Without evidence of the underlying crime, there is no way to pursue civilian RICO charges (â€Å"Overview† 2007).Because the company was aware of the potential danger posed by the earlier model and opted not to correct i t in an effort to lower production costs, BUG is liabile for the injuries suffered by Sally. (â€Å"Product Liability† 2007) If the company had been unaware of the injury potential from the model or had discovered it after the model was in mass distribution and had issued a recall, their liability might have been lower. However, the company was aware of the problem and chose not to fix it in an effort to make more money.At that point, a good personal injury lawyer could argue that BUG was negligent and therefore should be forced to pay not only actual damages to Sally, but also punitive damages in the form of an award for pain and suffering. Punitive damages are awarded when the court determines that a company should be punished for their actions; in this case, for knowing that the product was potentially hazardous and doing nothing to end the danger.If the case went to trial, BUG’s attorneys could argue that the newer models of the device were safer and that the respo nsibility for Sally’s injury should be shared by her employer for failing to provide her with the newer model, but this argument does nothing to decrease BUG’s liability. (â€Å"Product Liability† 2007). WORKS CITED â€Å"Best Practice #1: Detaining Shoplifiting Suspects† www. iapsc. org/uploaded_documents/bp1. doc, November 6, 2007. Computer Crimes & Intellectual Property Law† < http://www. usdoj. gov/criminal/cybercrime/iplaws. html> November 6, 2007. â€Å"Cyber Law† http://www. sidley. com/cyberlaw/features/int_juris.asp, November 6, 2007. â€Å"Free Dictionary† http://www. thefreedictionary. com/assault, November 6, 2007. Halligan, R. Mark. â€Å"The Economic Espionage Act of 1996: The Theft of Trade Secrets is Now a Federal Crime† http://my. execpc. com/~mhallign/crime. html November 6, 2007. â€Å"International Protection of Intellectual Property† < http://www. wipo. int/pct/en/treaty/about. htm> November 6, 2007. Killion, Susan Westrick and Katherine Dempski. â€Å"Legal And Ethical Issues† http://books. google. com/books? id=I20ZNJHFRVcC&pg=PA105&lpg=PA105&dq=corporate+liability+for+attack+on+premises&source=web&ots=WTIBrE-gj2&sig=iVtr5bLslUY7wZLeBT1zNzagWRQ

Modern world Essay Example

Modern world Essay Example Modern world Essay Modern world Essay In the modern world, official statistics cover the economy, crime, unemployment, education etc. Official statistics, such as the GHS, represent an extensive source of data on changing attitudes to particular social issues; they also show trends and patterns within a society. Official statistics are data collected or sponsored by the government and its agencies. However, they have been greatly criticised, many sociologist argue that official statistics lack validity and reliability, therefore cannot be an accurate picture of society. This essay shall focus on certain official statistics to see whether the criticisms surrounding them are justified. This can be shown in the way the statistics are collected produced and processed for example in crime statistics police procedures and practices. Statistics enable one to understand the dynamics of society there are three main perspectives on official statistics from the school of thoughts, firstly the realist school, second, the institutionalist school and finally, the radical school of thought. The realist point out that the official statistic distort the true picture but take statistics as objective indicators of the phenomena to which they refer. Institutionalist school reject the idea official statistics are objective indicators of social conditions. They consider official statistics as neither valid nor reliable indicators of objective phenomena. The institutionalist believes official statistics tell one more about process of how the official statistics are made. The radical, agrees with the institutionalist, however they would locate the institutionalist theory within a wider theory of the dynamics and structure of society. 1 (Squires 1990) Official statistics is secondary data, which is information that has already been allocated and readily available. Many sociologists such as (Hakim 1982) argue that there are problems with using official statistics for the simple fact of them being secondary data. For example, one may look at results and interpretations differently from those presented in the initial report on the survey2. This highlights the fact that secondary analysis use data for purposes other than that of which they were collected. Although doing this is in many ways a goods thing, it can create problems. Key social variables is official statistics is often deficient in some ways. Since the researcher does not collect the data there is very little they can do to rectify possible omission, for example how information as been collected and processed. In some cases secondary data such as official Statistics may be transformed and manipulate to suit ones argument or hypotheses. For instance, this approach may be used between different parties such as Labour and Conservatives. Figures in crime statistics for sexual assaults have increased 0. 4%,3 one party may interpret this as an increase in the number of people reporting sex crimes another party may interpret or manipulate these results to suggest there is an overall increase in the number of sex crimes committed. This indicates how official statistics can be manipulated to show different outcomes therefore questioning whether official statistics especially crime statistics are valid and reliable. Another example to show how the government or other agencies can manipulate results is in the case of employment figures in 1994. Conservatives politician celebrated the fall of unemployment they stated that it was due to economic recovery, while Michael Portillo insisted that government intervention in the labour market was inappropriate interference with market forces4 (newsnight 1 august 1994). Therefore questioning whether real drops in figures represent real drops in unemployment. Official statistics are information that has been collected on individuals in society that are used and stored. However, the production of official statistics is not unproblematic. To help understand certain limitations and some of the discussions concerning problems with official statistics this essay shall use crime statistics as an example to highlight many of the problems and criticisms faced by certain official statistics, however the limitations and criticised faced by criminal statistics do not apply to all official statistics. Criminal statistics are published for England and Wales they provide information and indications on the types of crimes being committed and the extent to which crime is increasing or decreasing. In the media there are often reports about certain crimes for example assaults against women , this in turn increases fear of crime amongst women. However, womens fear of crime is real enough and should not be dismissed as simply false5 ( stanko 1990). For the reason that crime statistics on sexual offences which are primarily carried out on women, show 37,263 sexual offences this is a small amount compared to overall crime figures. Criminologist such as walklate (1989) explains that sexual offences are crimes that are least likely to be reported to the police6 since women are often scared to report the crime. Suggesting that many of the crimes go unreported therefore are not represented in the criminal statistics. This can be used to argue how reliable criminal statistics is in portraying the true extending of crime how high is the validity in criminal statistics. This can demonstrate whether official statistics actually pick up the trends and patterns of society to they really reflect how society really is. In order for criminal statistics to be accurate, it must sustain validity and reliability for example two different incidents not being categorised the same way shows reliability. Police recording and practices for criminal statistics will be used to highlight how official statistics are often criticised for the way in which they obtain information and then portrayed in statistics. The counting methods in policing records are artificial conventions meaning they are not impermeable, as they like to think. The rules on the counting method are not entirely consistent, walker (1995) makes the point that one result of these rules is that they over represent offences of violence as compared to thefts7. Maguire (1999) makes a different point: if the rules were changed for example to allow all cheque frauds to be counted separately, the overall picture of crime might look significantly different indicating that if different measurements of counting was taken then certain figures of crime would double or even triple in numbers8. The same argument can be used in official statistics about poverty provided by the DSS, measurement for poverty has been highly criticised, for example there is no definite definition of poverty and that homeless people are not included in the survey in Britain and Wales. One can then argue how can statistics on poverty therefore be reliable. These problems faced in statistics emphasize the way in which information is collected, what information is collected or in the case of poverty information not collected can distort figures. Consequently suggesting that the statistics do not reflect the true picture of society, which subsequently makes official statistics difficult to use as a provider on showing how society changes over time9, If the way in which crime is collect is not consistent or does not have any structure. Although there are criticism on the procedures and recording in official statistics, one can not argue that official statistics produce interesting findings on contemporary society which despite there inadequacy, have been used by both radical and realist researchers alike. Arguable official statistics may have some flaws nevertheless the methologicial value of official data can often be very good for example, the census. Many criminologists such as painter (1995) argues that crime statistics do not portray an accurate picture on certain crimes such as rape, consecutively one can claim that rape is a very delicate subject and the criminal statistics representation of rape is not a defect on its ability to produce good quality data. For example Evidence shows that the same crimes, which are least likely to be reported to the police, are also least likely to be captured by victimization surveys10 (Walklate 1984 page 78). The 1982 and 1984 BCS had only one report each concerning rape and the Merseyside crime survey failed to find any reports of sexual offences against women (Kinsey 1984) this highlights certain aspects of victim surveys are not useful for collecting valid data on the dark figure of crime. Some studies had found that domestic violence is more likely to be reported to the police than to survey interviewer. This can be understandable because at the time of the incident, a woman may have reason to report the crime to the police but later may not be inclined to reveal such a personal thing to survey researchers11, the same argument may be use for rape. This therefore highlights that certain social issues are impossible to collect and official statistics are being over criticised because statistics that may portray a false image of society is inevitable.

The History of TV Dinners and Inventor Gerry Thomas

The History of TV Dinners and Inventor Gerry Thomas Gerry Thomas, a salesman with the Swanson food company, claims credit for inventing the Swanson TV Dinner in 1954. Swanson TV Dinners fulfilled two post-war trends: the lure of time-saving modern appliancesthe fascination with a growing innovation, the television Swanson TV dinners were the first commercially successful frozen meal. More than 10 million TV dinners were sold during the first year of Swansons national distribution. For $.98 per dinner, customers were able to choose among Salisbury steak, meatloaf, fried chicken, or turkey, served with potatoes and bright green peas; special desserts were added later.  The food groups in a TV dinner were displayed neatly in a divided metal tray and heated up in a conventional oven.   Goodbye TV Dinner, Hello Microwave Swanson removed the name TV Dinner, from the packaging in the 1960s.  The Campbell Soup Company replaced the aluminum trays of Swanson frozen TV dinners with plastic, microwave-safe trays in 1986. Today frozen dinners are offered by a variety of brands, including Stouffers, Marie Callenders, and Healthy Choice. Going Down in History In 1987 the original  TV Dinner tray was placed in the  Smithsonian Institution  to commemorate the trays impact on American culture, sealing TV Dinners place in American cultural history. Celebrity figures from Howdy Doody to President Eisenhower touted the dinners.  In 1999, Swanson received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Pinnacle Foods Corporation, the current owners of Swanson products since 2001, recently celebrated fifty years of TV Dinners, and Swanson TV Dinners still remain in the public conscience as the dinner phenomenon of the 50s that grew up with television.

Global Information System - Software Piracy Research Paper

Global Information System - Software Piracy - Research Paper Example The availability of pirated software over the internet free of cost or a minimal cost is the main issue to be considered by the company. Internet laws in the Asian countries do exist but most of the countries such as Pakistan and Nepal do not take any action for the distribution of pirated copies of software. With the increase in broadband penetration and download speed, it is very difficult to manage the software assets by a company in Asian region. Torrents and other sites on the internet which charge a minimal price from the consumers for software are increasing every day. However, the main problem for the software companies is not the home users but the small businesses and firms, which purchase non-branded PCs and get pirated software bundled with it (Business Software Alliance, 2009). Many managers in the Asian countries fail to implement the policies of managing their software assets and they purchase pirated copies of software in order to cut costs. These managers and even owners to small and medium businesses fail to understand the benefits efficiencies of original software use. Most of the firms and management in these Asian countries do not get proper education or training on the issue of software piracy (Coombes, 2010). The global economic recession has caused many firms to give up their policies on software policies as they are not able to bear the huge cost of purchasing new software for their business needs. The buying power of the households has also fallen which is one of the many factors of increasing rates in piracy. However, the company should not forget that the Asia Pacific is the hardest hit region by the economic crisis in the world. The future economic improvements in these countries are also uncertain as these countries are under development and not yet part of the developed world. Another issue that the software firm has to consider is the spread of internet access which is driving up the level of piracy. Over the next five

Breach as a Motif in China Mieville's The City and The City Essay

Breach as a Motif in China Mieville's The City and The City - Essay Example Mieville invokes that breach at various points in the novel as a motif that represents the all-pervasive state of the East European states of the Soviet era. These breaches are investigated by a body that itself seems to be a motif that combines in itself the effects of all the motifs of breaches that govern the lives of the people in the novel’s fictional cities of Beszel and Ul Qoma. The journey of Tayodu Borlu, the protagonist of the novel and the detective who seeks to solve the mystery of a murder that serves to frame the story and provide it its thrust, is one that reveals many aspects of modern day life. These range from the lack of freedom that is experienced by people in nation states to the place of man in a universe that may or may not offer explanations. This universe, however, continues to punish its inhabitants for offences the causes of which they may not even know. The lack of knowledge that is shared by the people of Beszel and Ul Qoma is what unites them and gives them a common destiny. The notion of breach refers to an understanding of this unity in ignorance. In this sense, it seems as though the novel points to ignorance as the greatest weapon that is employed by the modern state to express its power and exercise its control over its people. To place them in a state of complete ignorance as to their own condition, accompanied by a fear of the breach makes Mieville’s work closer to a work like V for Vendetta rather than something like The Matrix. Like both these works, the people in the two cities suffer from the fact that their existence is a complex web of lies that is spun by an overarching network of authority. This authority is embodied by the Breach that is able to make a person vanish from the sight of other people. In the context of people who choose to overlook several aspects of life, the notion of a vanished person may refer to somebody who is merely overlooked, much in the same way that Ralph Ellison’s protag onist is, in the book, The Invisible Man. The reasons for the marginality of both are equally absurd and difficult to understand. This is one of the greatest strengths of Mieville’s novel- the fact that it is able to draw allusions to many other major works of fiction that talk of oppressive regimes. His ability to connect his subaltern perspective to other versions of it makes The City and the City a very complex work of fiction. The breach represents a lack of unity. While critiquing the authoritarian regimes that were a part of East European nation states during the Cold War Era, Mieville strikes at the very heart of the philosophy of these nations- the unity of their people in a classless society. He points to the disunity that states sought to perpetrate during this era and the effects that it had on people who had hitherto lived in communities that exchanged ideas and beliefs in a freer society. The lack of freedom that Borlu has in investigating the case owes itself to the lack of unity between the people of the two cities. This can be seen in the attitudes that are expressed initially by his counterpart in Ul Qom, who is cold and condescending towards him. There are, thus, many structures that the state creates for the purpose of perpetuating its own

Schizophrenia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Schizophrenia - Research Paper Example People suffering from this disorder tend to hear voices, which cannot be heard by people around them. If fact, these people believe that any other person around them is controlling their thoughts, plotting harm against them and more importantly, they are reading their minds. Additionally, people with Schizophrenia rarely make sense when they are talking; sometimes they can sit for a particular period without talking or moving. Patients with this disorder are mostly recognized by talking to them since they appear ordinary people until they start talking (National institute of Mental Health). Schizophrenia is caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Individuals with a family history of this illness have a high rate of being diagnosed with this disorder. Researchers argue that there it is considerably challenging to separate environmental and genetic factors. Therefore, there is a significant variation in estimating hereditary causes and environmental causes. According to a recent research conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health, the risk of developing Schizophrenia is considerably high in first-degree relatives. According to the research data, the risk an individual being diagnosed with Schizophrenia and they have been first-degree relative is approximately 6.5 percent higher than the 40 percent of the monozygotic twins who may have been affected. Additionally, if one of the parents is suffering from the illness, the risk of these offspring being affected can be as high as 13 percent. On the other hand if both parents are affected, the offspring have a 50 percent chance of being affected (National Institute of Mental Health). Also to genetic causes, environmental factors have a significant role in causing this disorder. Some of the common environmental factors include; usage of drugs, prenatal stressors, living environment among other environmental factors. A recent study showed that living

The Hotel And Tourism Tourism Law Tourism Essay

The Hotel And Tourism Tourism Law Tourism Essay In problems with the Environmental Issues or Laws, with the cooperation of our tourism they develop awareness, concern and knowledge of the environment and its different importance and other things. Those are different laws that have rule in Philippine tourism, including or even the different government office is involved too. It will also provide current situation that have in the tourism, travel and making hospitality which may be analyzed, interpreted and doing what can do on laws that have. The Environment laws protect our natural resources by controlling businesses that have the possible cause to them. Due to the matter of these laws, the Environmental Protection was formed whose main duty that must have done is to control and decrease pollution in finding out some materials that could cause harm, to see that companies that may cause environmental injury, they sets right of practice to lessen environmental effect and to carried punishments for those who did not follow environmen tal rules. Therefore, for any industry or in the hotel and tourism, it is helpful to be well known with the matter that given by our environmental laws, and responsible for law that government given, and the kinds of different way and some business through which those environmental laws are need to implement. Tourism or the Hotel Management can have different effects on a given area such as economical, social, environmental etc.The most important  economic  effect that tourism has is that it provides more  employment  for the people in that area and hence in a way increases their  standard  of living. In fact certain economies primarily run on tourism.As a result it also helps the region as a whole to develop and as a result the governing bodies can utilize the funds to promote the  destination  and make it more attractive for tourists. Tourism is now one of the worlds largest industries and one of its fastest that is develop in our country. For many countries tourism is seen as a main used for wide development, as it alert to the new different economic performance or activities that have in the government. Tourism may have a positive economic effect on the balance of payments, on employment, on gross income and production, but it may also have negative effects, particularly on the environment. Unexpected things in developing tourism can result in such a worse of the environment that tourist growth can be demanded. Being the major source of tourist product of the government, therefore it should be protected in order to have something development of tourism and doing good for the country in following years. In additional of business activities worldwide and as a result of more high knowedge , there has been increasing learn to everyone and concern with the injury to human health and environmental damage that cause by the different business activities .These problems is need for business and industry to be controls at all levels, and for the main that could be hardly sustain development to be established in international and national environmental laws to make sure that foreign investment and other business activities lead to development that is sustainable in environment . In this way, the Hotel and Tourism Management play an important role in development . If the government takes the recommended actions for development and promotion it will establish market targets that specify the number and types of tourists that the country will be able to attract. To make sure that national and local tourism development agreements stress a policy of sustainable tourism development. Incentives that given by the government can encourage many corporations involved in the tourism business to do more their activities to have more recently having a large countries. Thinking of environmental problems it will assist the manager in helping such individual responsibility for and liability to environmental damage, in integrating environmental affairs with operations, and in developing policies and professionals to manage environmental issues. Tour operators have a great deal of influence on the destinations, activities and overall experience of tourists. Therefore its hard that they have understand the idea of ecotourism and the conservation requirements of protected areas that have rules to follow. They need to be fully aware that the ecotourism product they are trying to promote is easily broken and must be carefully preserved. The tourism industry is also an important partner since it is a vital source of information about need trends, promotion and marketing. It would bring attention to the present and future environmental issues facing the health of our planet and the people it supports. And our responsibility to protect the health and well-being of that ecosystem start to beginning of a day on the number of aware that surrounds in the world. Philippine laws rule the rights and obligations of which support in the hospitality and tourism industry. It provides for their rights, liabilities and even benefits as order by law. It affects the globalization of the tourism industry, also in opportunity to begun addition or widely into the international market or in target grow internationally. Realize the level of technology and technological capabilities within the host country in order to assess the advantages or disadvantages the hotel may face. Human activities are sources of environmental impacts. Since a sustainable environment must be achieved, individuals should make efforts towards developing and protecting the environment in learning of good methods, techniques, and policies. Human activities are sources of environmental impacts. Since a sustainable environment must be achieved, every person should make efforts towards developing and protecting the environment by learning or doing of good methods, techniques, and policies. Support different developing countries efforts to implement different things that could have in development the practices and protect the global environment. To make sure that the goal is in full support of environmental laws. Overall, consideration of the environment and stick to environmental laws and regulations have become important in the day-to-day behavior of business or in the Hotel and Tourism Management all in the Philippines or throughout the world. Working together by the businesses, workers, environmentalists, and government officials is to find economically into our environment. In helping of our government rules as well our tourism department, we can do better for the everyones life. Inspite of rising the demands of needs of everyone, of everyone come to show full support to the strong campaign for the different environmental laws or regulations, with the biggest role of our tourism in advocating and promote or not violating any rules to anyone who is responsible, we should have all the confident to win this one..    With the skills or knowledge of all in the tourism management and see how that connects and from there start volunteering for programs and tell people about it. But before that first learn how blessed we are and how rich our natural resources are, you would be inspired and motivated to take better care of it. From there, you start with yourself not only our government who pay attention on it. Sources http://www.egerton.ac.ke/index.php/bsc-ecoahos.html http://bio427.blogspot.com/2010/10/environmental-laws-of-philippines.html-. http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_Philippine_tourism_laws#ixzz2718t1XVm

Critical Complexity :: Writing Personal Narrative Papers

Critical Complexity When I heard Mr. Sabol announce the topic for W131’s latest assignment, an exploratory essay, I was furious. Of a world of scintillating and fascinating topics, he picked â€Å"writing† as the subject of the class’s papers. Writing, of course, was not my favorite theme; I felt the topic had been so overused over the course of the semester that writing any more about it would be futile and destructive to any shred of creativity the class had left. Furthermore, I had expected to be allowed to explore the topics that interested me the most outside of class[d1] . Regardless of my expectations, I had been stuck with an assignment I didn’t want to do. I kept asking myself why on earth I should write about writing[d2] . For that matter, I didn’t understand what purpose it would serve. At first I just viewed the topic as a way to give W131 students more homework. Perhaps it was a way of cruel fate driving me over the edge of sanity. Maybe it was just a matter of giving Mr. Sabol what he wanted to hear from our exploratory papers, not a matter of free thinking and the true exploration of our external and internal worlds. However, a notion began nagging at the back of my mind – there had to be a better answer than the ones I had come up with before. They were answers to the problem that were born of frustration and impatience, not of careful thought and consideration. I decided then that, as simple and perhaps insignificant as my personal problems with the topic were, I needed to address them in some way. Addressing my problems with the assignment would make me take time to think critically about my dilemma and find the answers that could help me become more motivated with the topic[d3] . I felt it was the only way I could even begin my exploratory essay without pulling all my hair out. Of course I didn’t have the answer to my initial question yet – What’s the purpose behind writing about writing? As I could not find the answer in a textbook or get a straight answer about it from Mr. Critical Complexity :: Writing Personal Narrative Papers Critical Complexity When I heard Mr. Sabol announce the topic for W131’s latest assignment, an exploratory essay, I was furious. Of a world of scintillating and fascinating topics, he picked â€Å"writing† as the subject of the class’s papers. Writing, of course, was not my favorite theme; I felt the topic had been so overused over the course of the semester that writing any more about it would be futile and destructive to any shred of creativity the class had left. Furthermore, I had expected to be allowed to explore the topics that interested me the most outside of class[d1] . Regardless of my expectations, I had been stuck with an assignment I didn’t want to do. I kept asking myself why on earth I should write about writing[d2] . For that matter, I didn’t understand what purpose it would serve. At first I just viewed the topic as a way to give W131 students more homework. Perhaps it was a way of cruel fate driving me over the edge of sanity. Maybe it was just a matter of giving Mr. Sabol what he wanted to hear from our exploratory papers, not a matter of free thinking and the true exploration of our external and internal worlds. However, a notion began nagging at the back of my mind – there had to be a better answer than the ones I had come up with before. They were answers to the problem that were born of frustration and impatience, not of careful thought and consideration. I decided then that, as simple and perhaps insignificant as my personal problems with the topic were, I needed to address them in some way. Addressing my problems with the assignment would make me take time to think critically about my dilemma and find the answers that could help me become more motivated with the topic[d3] . I felt it was the only way I could even begin my exploratory essay without pulling all my hair out. Of course I didn’t have the answer to my initial question yet – What’s the purpose behind writing about writing? As I could not find the answer in a textbook or get a straight answer about it from Mr.

2009 DBQ AP World

For years after the Berlin Conference, various European powers raced to occupy and colonize land in Africa. It was a time of growth for Europe, but what was it for Africa? Africa’s fate was being decided for it by the European invaders. Not all AFricans just stood by and watcher, however. There was a wide range of actions and reactions to the Scramble for Africa from the Africans themselves, from giving in peacefully to attempting to fighting back with all of their might.Many Africans were afraid of European power, so they just gave in to the Scramble without a fight. In 1886, the British government commissioned the Royal Niger Company to administer and develop the Niger River delta. Many African rulers just signed their land away [doc. 1]. This document is official and provides no personal repost, so it is possible that the rulers did not give in entirely peacefully, all we know is that they gave in. A personal record of the Niger River delta dealing would help immensely to t ell how easily the rulers signed.Ashanti leader Prempeh turned down a British offer of protectorate status, but he said that the Ashanti would always remain friendly with all white men [doc. 2]. Ndansi Kumalo, an African veteran of the Ndebele Rebellion tells how at first his people surrendered to the British and tried to continue living their lives as they always had [doc. 4]. Samuel Maharero, a Herero leader, wrote to another African leader about how the Herero people were trying to be obedient and patient with the Germans [doc. 7].Many people in Africa just gave i to the changes occurring all around them. Not everywhere the Europeans went did they encounter this obedience and complacency. Many places people fought the invaders. The emperor of Ethiopia, Menelik II, wrote a letter to Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and Russia in 1891 telling them he would not just sit by and watch if they continues parcelling off Africa [doc. 3]. Ndansi Kumalo tells how, after trying to live normally, his people could not stand the Europeans any more and they took up arms against the Europeans and rebelled [doc. ]. An Ethiopian painting of the Battle of Adowa shows the Ethiopians greatly overpowering the Italians and clearly winning the battle while suffering a very few casualties [doc. 5].This is an Ethiopian painting so the artist probably depicted the battle to make the Ethiopians look as good as possible. A document from the Italians about this battle would make it easier to pass judgement on it. The Ashanti queen mother, Yaa Asantena spoke to the Ashanti chiefs in 1900 telling them that if they would not fight the Europeans the Ashanti women would [doc. 6].Samuel Maherero said in his letter to another African leader that they should fight the Germans as it is better to die fighting for freedom than to die from maltreatment, imprisonment, or something similar [doc. 7]. A German military officer said about the 1905 Maji Maji REbellion that the chiefs told their peop le that they had a medicine thst would make them invincible so they could fight the Europeans for as long as necessary [doc 8].An African chief, Mojimba, described a battle in 1899 on the Congo River, saying that the battle just kept going and going that many, many Africans were killer [doc. ]. He also said that white men are very wicked. As an African who fought the Europeans and saw them kill many of his kin, Mojimba naturally thinks that the Europeans are wicker. This account of the battle was also given 30 years after the battle so it might not be entirely accurate. A European account would help to see this battle more clearly. The Scramble for Africa was a difficult time for Africans, some Africans fought for a chance at their freedom and others accepted their fate and peacefully gave into the Europeans ways.